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TUTORIAL: How to Cut a3D Head in Escher's Style
 
                                    P  R  E  M  I  S  E

Always I was charmed from fantastic world  and  from the pictures of M. C. Escher, the genius 
of impossible perspective,  so I decided to realize  in real 3D mode a part of M. C. Escher's 
2D image called: Band of Union. This is a wonderful image with a woman and a man heads cutted 
and merged as they were a band.  I tried to reinvent a part of this image,  that is the woman 
head and to put it on a new background, with a new storyboard.  I've written this tutorial in 
the most accurate  and  careful way I could make,  so I thought to put noone other image with 
this tutorial except for the ending full image,  at the bottom of this web page.  The program 
of this tutorial is Imagine 4.0,  Copyright © from Impulse Inc. and it works on PC and AMIGA. 
I've written the tutorial with old Dos version, but it can be made also with next version for 
Windows 95, 98, etc.  You  must  only  remember that, according with the version and with the 
computer you are working, it will be changed also the keys you must press togheter to qualify 
the  various  functions  I  have  described  in  the  various  phasis  of  this  my  tutorial 
(Right  Amiga  Key + Other  Keys,  or  ALT  Key + Other  Keys,  or  CTRL  Key + Other  Keys). 
                                 P  R  O  C  E  D  U  R   E

Open program Imagine 4.0, or a next version,  published from Impulse Inc.,  and go to Project 
Editor.  Select a New Project (i.e. "Escher") and a New Subproject (i.e. "Esch001").  Set all 
the value for your Subproject. After all go to the Detail Editor. First of all you must model 
a 3D woman head (i.e. using metaballs) with Imagine  4.0 or you can use a commercial 3D woman 
head object as basis for the work.  I've used as basis the 3D woman "normal" head object from 
Humanoids,  a very good commercial 3d human objects packet from Timothy D. Wilson,  published 
from Crestline Software Publishing ©.  Save the 3D woman head into the directory "Objects" of 
your project "Escher". Delete the object you have on the screen so that this is empty. Now we 
must create first a spiral.  Add a Primitive and choise "Disk". Set the values Radius=100 and 
Section=36. Select the Disk objetc so that it is blue, then select Pick Point (Alt+3). Select 
only the central point of the Disk object. Delete it. Select all the position-negative-values 
points of the Disk object  (that is all the points under the horizont line in the Front View) 
and delete them (Alt+D).  Select  all the points you have on the screen (Alt+A).  Then select 
Transformation (Alt+T),  click on Rotate  and  set value Z = -9.  Select All (Alt+A).  Select 
Transformation, click on Position  and  set the value of Y = -31.1868.  Click  on Pick object 
(Alt+2).  Click on Copy object (Alt+C).  Click on Paste object (Alt+P). Select Transformation 
(Alt+T) click on Scale and set the values Y =-1 and Z =-1. Refresh the screen (Alt+R). Select 
all (Alt+A). Click on Join (Alt+J). Click on Merge. Select Mold (Alt+E), click on Extrude and 
set the values Length = 0.0001  X-Scaling = 0.5 and Z-Scaling = 0.5. Click on Perform. Now on 
the screen  you have  the first arm of your spiral.  Select the object.  Click on Copy object 
(Alt+C). Click on Paste object (Alt+P).  Select Transformation (Alt+T), click on Position and 
set the value of Y = 62.3736.  Click on Perform.  Click on Paste object (Alt+P).  Then select 
Transformation, click on Position and set  the value of Y = -62.3736. Click on Perform. Click 
on  Paste object (Alt+P).  Select  Transformation,  click  on Position  and  set the value of 
Y = 124.7472. Click on Perform.  Click on Paste object (Alt+P).  Select Transformation, click 
on Position  and  set  the value of Y = -124.7472.  Click on Perform.  Deselect all and after 
select the axis  of the first arm of the spiral you made.  Select all (Alt+A).  Click on Join 
(Alt+J).  Click on Merge.  Now you have on screen the whole spiral,  but you must extrude it. 
Select Mold (Alt+E), click on Extrude and set the value Length=20.  Perform it. Now  you must 
rotate the extruded spiral to put it in the correct position.  Select Transformation (Alt+T), 
click on Rotate, set the value X = 90. Perform it. Again Select Transformation (Alt+T), click 
on Rotate and set the value X = 90,  but click also on "Transform Axis Only"  (this is to put 
again  the object axis  in  the original correct mode).  Perform it.  Your extruded spiral is 
finished! Now you can load the woman head object you've saved at the start.  Put the head and 
the extruded spiral so that the one intersects the other,  but remember  that the spiral must 
be more big than the woman head object. Select the woman head object and the extruded spiral. 
Make Slice (Alt+X). If some message of error shows on the screen, don't worry. "Deselect All" 
and  after this select  only  the extruded spiral,  select  Transformation (Alt+T),  click on 
Rotate and set the value Y = -0.0001.  Perform  it.  Now select again  all the objects on the 
screen (Alt+A)  and  make again  the Slice (Alt+X).  If it is necessary  you  can  make other 
smallest adjustament  rotating the Y axis of the extruded spiral object until your slice will 
have success.  After you made the Slice you must Select all And Delete all the sliced-objects 
you don't need.  At the end you will have on your screen a woman head cut as when for joke we 
cut an apple's bark  or  an orange's bark continuosly:  this is  an Escher-mode 3D woman head 
object. Now we must extrude internally this woman cut head object. Select Mold (Alt+E), click 
on Extrude and set the values Length = 0.0001 and the X-Translate = 200.  Perform it.  Select 
Pick Point (Alt+3),  and select also the Pick Method "Drag Box".  Select, pressing Shift, all 
the points  of the head  on the left of your screen in the Front view.  Select Transformation 
(Alt+T), click on Scale and set to 0.9 all the 3 values of X,Y and Z. Perform it. Refresh the 
screen (Alt+R) Click on Pick Faces (Alt+5) and select with Shift and Drag Box Pick Method all 
the faces of the small head  on the left of your screen.  Select Make Subgroup and call it as 
"Internal".  Now, always with Shift and Drag Box Pick Method, select all the faces of the big 
head on the center of your screen. Click on Make Subgroup and call it "External".  Now select 
all the faces you have on your  screen of the big  and  of the small heads (Alt+A).  Click on 
Unpick Subgroup  and  deselect  first the "External" faces.  Repeat  this operation again and 
deselect also the "Internal" faces. Now click on Make Subgroup and call it "Union". These are 
the faces that join  the two heads,  the small and the big.  Now make Pick Points (Alt+3) and 
select again all the points of the small head on the left of the Front View.  Now you can use 
Pick Subgroup and click  on  Internal and All Points.  Select Move (M) only on the Axis X and 
bring all selected points to the internal center of the big head. Perform it. Now you have on 
your screen the cut head internally extruded. Select this new object and click on Attributes. 
Select  the Attributes colors  to the following values:  Red = 255,  Green = 153, Blue = 115. 
Click on Textures.  Select  the  Texture "Metals 2"  and  set  the values Priority = 1, Metal 
Number = 1,  Glossines = 1,  Finish = 6,  Antique = 1. Click on Ok.  Click again on Textures. 
Select the texture "Specular" and set the values Priority = 2, Key Red = -0.9, Key Green = 0, 
Key Blue = 0,  and all Three Specular Colors (Red,  Green,  Blue)  to 255,  Hardness = 30 and 
Intensity = 1.  Click on Ok.  Click again on Textures.  Select the texture "Transparency" and 
set the value of Priority = 3 and the value of Trasparency = 1.  Click on Ok.  Click again on 
Textures.  Select the Texture "Metals 2"  and  set the values Priority = 4, Metal Number = 1, 
Glossines = 1,  Finish = 6, Antique = 1.  Set Subgroup = Union.  Click on Ok.  Click again on 
Textures. Select again the Texture "Metals 2" and set the values Priority=5, Metal Number =1, 
Glossines = 1,  Finish = 6,  Antique = 1.  Set  Subgroup = Internal.  Click on Ok.  Exit from 
Attributes with Ok. Save the object with the name "EndHead.iob". Go to the Stage Editor. Load 
the EndHead object and add two lights before the object in the Front View. Set the Zoom = 0.2 
and  put the first light (=Light1) on the bottom  of the Front  View  at the vertical  of the 
EndHead object and the other light (=light2) on the  bottom of the Front View, but on left of 
the EmdHead object.  Put the camera before the object in the Front View,  but a little on the 
left of the Top View.  Add an Axis and put it to the centre of the EndHead object.  Track the 
Camera to this Axis  and  select Camera View to see if the angle of the visual of your Camera 
is correct.  Save all addies  and  modifies you made in Stage Editor and go in Action Editor. 
Click on Globals and set all the three values of Ambient to 160.  Put all values of Horizon R 
and Horizon G to 100,  while put all values of Horizon B,  +Zenith and -Zenith to 0.  Perform 
it. Click on Light1 and set all the three values to 210. Click on Ok. Click on Light2 and set 
all the three values to 180.  Click on Ok. Save Changes  and go to the Project Editor. Select 
the first frame of your Subproject and render the Picture with Generate. Now load the program 
Fractal Poser ©,  insert  as background the picture  you  have rendered  with Imagine 4.0 and 
create seven men models, each in a different  pose, using a golden light to make them golden. 
Put the seven models each around the bord of the rendered head you now have on the background 
of Poser.  Save final seven models picture  also without background.  Load Adobe Photoshop ©, 
make new and give same values  of width and  height of the Imagine 4.0 rendered head picture. 
Save it as "FinalPic.psd". Always in Photoshop Use the Filter KPT © "Texture Maker" to create 
a golden texture. This will be the final background of the picture.  Now load the Imagine 4.0 
rendered head picture,  click on Select/All and after on Edit/Copy.  Now go to "FinalPic.psd" 
and click on Select/Paste Layer. Use the Magic Wand in the Tools Menu to cut the useless gray 
background of rendered head.  Load picture generated from Fractal Poser,  click on Select/All 
and after click  on Edit/Copy.  Now go again  to the "FinalPic.psd" and click on Select/Paste 
Layer.  Use again also the Magic Wand in the Tools Menu  to cut the useles background of this 
layer lefting only seven golden men models. Add a New Layer.  Load the font "Musical Symbols" 
and write some notes. Using Select Box Tool, you select each note for time and move it on the 
board of the head over the seven men models. Now on the screen you must have really the final 
picture. Save it with File/Save. Now you have the picture of a real 3D Escher woman cut head. 
The 3D cut picture  in the Escher way  is now completed. 
Obviously  you  can  personalize  the image changing the 
background, the pose  and  the number of the men models, 
or you can put  some other 3D objects around the bord of 
the woman head  and  again  you  can change in the Stage 
editor of Imagine the angle  of the Camera,  so you will 
have a different visual of the Escher Woman Head.  Click 
with your mouse  on right final image  to have  a better 
and more large version of the same image on your screen.
Image01
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I have written this page in Italian language and after I have translated it in English language.
If you find some my translation's error, excuse me and send me an e-mail with the correct version. Thanx !!
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All rights reserved. Copyright © 2000 by Francesco Franceschi.